Determination of Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems For Project Type Public Library Building

Ahmet Altay, Bahtiyar Dursun

Abstract


In this context, the most convenient hybrid renewable energy system (HRES) option for the public libraries, which give services in the project type service buildings within the General Directorate of Culture and Tourism Ministry, will be chosen by evaluating the potentiality of renewable energy sources of region. In this way, both the usage of the most convenient energy source and the efficient usage of energy will be supplied.  The public Library in Kirklareli City has been chosen as the example for the project type service building in this study. The most convenient option among HRES options is determined by evaluating the all energy sources potentiality of Kirklareli for the service building of Kirklareli City Public Library. It is calculated that the most appropriate HRES is PV/wind/battery for the library. The predicted total project cost of HRES has been calculated as 119,492$ and unit energy cost has been calculated as 2.01$/kWh for the library.

Keywords


Public library; Renewable energy; Hybrid renewable energy systems; Kırklareli City Public Library

Full Text:

PDF

References


B. Dursun, “Determination of the optimum hybrid renewable power generating systems for Kavakli Campus of Kirklareli University Turkeyâ€, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol.16, no 8, pp. 6183-6190, 2016.

C. Gokcol and B. Dursun, “A comprehensive economical and environmental analysis of the renewable power generating systems for Kırklareli University, Turkeyâ€. Energy and Buildings, vol 64, pp.249-257, 2013.

B. Dursun and C. Gokcol, “Impact of the renewable energy law on the developments of wind energy in Turkeyâ€, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol 40, pp.318-325, 2014.

R.M. Moharil and P.S. Kulkarni, “A case study of solar photovoltaic power system at Sagardeep Island, Indiaâ€, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol 13, pp.673–681, 2009.

B. Dursun and B. Alboyaci, “An evaluation of wind energy characteristics for four different locations in Balikesirâ€, Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects, vol 33, No 11, pp.1086-1103, 2011.

B. Dursun and B. Alboyaci, “The contribution of wind-hydro pumped storage systems in meeting Turkey’s electric energy demandâ€, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol 14, no 7, pp.1979-1988, 2010.

B. Dursun, B. Alboyaci and C. Gokcol, “Optimal wind-hydro solution for the Marmara region of Turkey to meet electricity demandâ€, Energy, vol 36, no 2, pp. 864-872, 2011.

I.B. Askari, L.B., Askari, M. Kaykhah and H.B. Askari, “Optimisation and techno-economic feasibility analysis of hybrid (photovoltaic/wind/fuel cell) energy systems in Kerman, Iran; considering the effects of electrical load and energy storage technologyâ€, International Journal of Sustainable Energy, vol 33, no 3, pp. 635-649, 2014.

M.A. Elhadidy and S.M. Shaahid, “Feasibility of hybrid (wind + solar) power systems for Dhahran, Saudi Arabiaâ€, Renewable Energy, vol 16, no 1, pp. 970-976, 1999.

A.H. Al-Badi, “Hybrid (solar and wind) energy system for Al Hallaniyat Island electrificationâ€, International Journal of Sustainable Energy, vol 30, no 4, pp. 212–222, 2011.

P. Balamurugan, S. Ashok and T.L. Jose, “Optimal operation of Biomass/Wind/ PV hybrid energy system for rural areasâ€, International Journal of Green Energy, vol 6, pp.104–116, 2009.

A.N. Celik, “The system performance of autonomous photovoltaic–wind hybrid energy systems using synthetically generated weather dataâ€, Renewable Energy, vol 27, no 1, pp.107–121, 2002.

T. Ma, H. Yang and L. Lu, “A feasibility study of a stand-alone hybrid solar–wind–battery system for a remote islandâ€, Applied Energy, vol, 121, pp.149–158, 2014.

Y. Maklad, “Sizing and costing optimisation of a typical Wind/PV hybrid electricity generation system for a typical residential building in urban Armidale NSW, Australiaâ€, International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, vol 4, no 2, pp.163-168, 2014.

S.K. Ramoji and B.J. Kumar, “Optimal economical sizing of a PV-Wind hybrid energy system using genetic algorithm and teaching learning-based optimizationâ€, International Journal of Advanced Research in Electrical, Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering, vol 3, no 2, pp.7352-7367, 2014.

B. Dursun, C. Gokcol, I. Umut, E. Ucar and S. Kocabey, “Techno-economic evaluation of a hybrid PV - Wind power generation systemâ€, International Journal of Green Energy, Vol 10(2), pp.117 -136, 2013.

Altay, A., and Yankova, I. “The evaluation of city public libraries in Turkey in terms of local cultureâ€, UNAK 2014, The Congress of Management of International Cultural Heritage and Cultural Memory Institutions, Ankara, pp. 445-451, 17-20 September 2014.

B. Yilmaz, The usage of public library: A solution in terms of socio-economy, Ä°stanbul: The Association of Turkish Librarians Istanbul Branch.

B. Yilmaz, “A sociological approach to the public library useâ€, Turkish Librarianship, vol 10, no 4, pp.360-383, 1999.

IFLA, (2007). The public library service: IFLA/UNESCO principles for development, Trans. Bülent Yılmaz, İstanbul: The Association of Turkish Librarians Istanbul Branch.

T. Saglamtunc, Modern librarianship and on the freedom of thought, Ä°stanbul: Design Production.

P. Caglayan, “User satisfaction related to public library serviceâ€, The World of Information, vol 12, no 2, pp. 379-398, 2011

H.S. Keseroglu, “An essay about the effect of Turkish political style on the public librariesâ€, Turkish Librarianship, vol 18, no 3, pp. 301-309, 2004

Arslantekin, S. “The demand programmes for the library buildings and function schemasâ€, H.S. KeseroÄŸlu ve S. Arslantekin (prep.) 3. The Symposium of Public Librarianship: The Place Design in Libraries, Ankara, pp. 47-52, 08-10 May 2013.

Yilmaz, B. “The spatial aesthetic in the public librariesâ€, 3. The Symposium Of Public Librarianship: The Place Design In Libraries, Ankara, pp. 69-73, 08-10 May 2013.

K. Hosono, Changes in university and public libraries in Japan. IFLA Journal, vol 32, no 2, pp.119-130, 2006,

Atinc, S. “New developments in the spatial design of Turkish public librariesâ€, H.S. KeseroÄŸlu ve S. Arslantekin (prep.), 3. The Symposium of Public Librarianship: The Place Design in Libraries, Ankara, pp. 15-20, 08-10 May 2013.

Dursun, B., and Altay, A. “The optimum lighting design suggestions for the city public libraries in Thrace regionâ€, 3. The Symposium of Public Librarianship: The Place Design in Libraries, Ankara, pp. 97-107, 08-10 May 2013.

Muscogiuri, M. “Designing public areas for culture and societyâ€. 3. The Symposium of Public Librarianship: The Place Design in Libraries, Ankara, pp. 15-20, 08-10 May 2013.

M. Dewe, Planning public library buildings: concepts and issues fort he librarian, England: Aldershot, 2006.

B. Dursun, and C. Gokcol, C. “The role of geothermal energy in sustainable development of Turkeyâ€, Energy Exploration & Exploitation, vol 30, no 2, pp.207-222, 2012.

Åž. Bilgin, M. Åženel, and L. Bilir L. “Role of wind power in the energy policy of Turkeyâ€, Energy Technology & Policy, vol 1, no 1, pp. 123-130, 2014.

YEGM, The wind energy map of Turkey, General Directotare of Renewable Energy. http://www.eie.gov.tr/MyCalculator/Default.aspx, 2018.

B. Yilmaz, “Restructuring process of public administration in Turkey and public librariesâ€, Turkish Librarianship, vol 19, no 1, pp. 56-77, 2005.

B. Yilmaz, “Public libraries in Turkeyâ€, Fontees Artis Muscae, vol 57, pp. 303-308, 2010.

Karadeniz, S. “The comparison of the repealed regulations via the regulation of public librariesâ€, 2. The Symposium of Public Librarianship: The Public Libraries in a Changing World, Ankara: pp. 85-95, 09-12 May 2012.

Faydaligül Demircioglu, O., and Yilmaz, B. “The transfer of the public libraries to the local administrations in Turkey: What do the librarians think?†2. The Symposium of Public Librarianship: The Public Libraries in a Changing World, Ankara: pp. 96-119, 09-12 May 2012.

S.A. Akdag and O. Güler, O. “Calculation of wind energy potential and economic analysis by using weibull distribution—A case study from Turkey. Part 1: Determination of weibull parametersâ€, Energy Sources, Part B: Economics, Planning, and Policy, vol 4, no 1, pp. 1-8, 2009.

S.A. Akdag and O. Güler, “Calculation of wind energy potential and economic analysis by using weibull distribution—A Case Study from Turkey. Part 2: economic analysisâ€, Energy Sources, Part B: Economics, Planning, and Policy, vol 4, no 1, pp.9-16, 2009.

HOMER, Software Version 2.67, National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), USA, http://www.nrel.gov/Homer, 2014.

TSMS, Turkish State Meteorological Service,.The solar radiation data of Kirklareli, http://www.dmi.gov.tr/en-US/forecast-cities.aspx, 2018

A. Demiroren and U. Yilmaz, “Analysis of change in electric energy cost with using renewable energy sources in Gokceada, Turkey: An island exampleâ€, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol 14, no 1, pp.323–333, 2010.

CPVM, 100W Solar Panel -100W 12V Crystalline PV Module, Available from http://www.cdtsolar.com/100_watt, 2014.

BWC, Excel R, Wind turbine specifications http://bergey.com/documents/2013/10/bwc-retail-price-list-10-01-13.pdf , 2014.

DCSS, Deep Cycle-Solar Series 5000, 6 Cs25ps Battery, Available from http://www.dcbattery.com/rollssurrette_6cs25ps.pdf, 2018.

G.J. Dalton, D.A. Lockington and T.E.J. Baldock, “Feasibility analysis of renewable energy supply options for a grid-connected large hotelâ€, Renewable Energy, vol 34, pp.955-964, 2009.




DOI (PDF): https://doi.org/10.20508/ijrer.v9i1.8685.g7560

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Online ISSN: 1309-0127

Publisher: Gazi University

IJRER is cited in SCOPUS, EBSCO, WEB of SCIENCE (Clarivate Analytics);

IJRER has been cited in Emerging Sources Citation Index from 2016 in web of science.

WEB of SCIENCE in 2025; 

h=35,

Average citation per item=6.59

Last three Years Impact Factor=(1947+1753+1586)/(146+201+78)=5286/425=12.43

Category Quartile:Q4