Technical Evaluation of a Superconducting Fault Current Limiter for a Microgrid with Wind-PV Hybrid Generation

Saad A. Mohamed Abdelwahab, Sherif S. M. Ghoneim, A. M. Hamada, Saady Hasan, Ragab Khamis, Walid S. E. Abdellatif

Abstract


This investigation explores an innovative topology for a bi-directional ultra-fast hybrid fault current limiter (UFHFCL) tailored for High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) systems, integrating advanced superconducting materials. Theoretical analyses are employed to clarify the design principles and operational characteristics of the proposed HFCL, emphasizing its bidirectional fault current limiting capabilities. The strategy revolves around a UFHFCL that combines the advantages of a high-frequency transformer and a superconducting fault current limiter, designed to function as an exceedingly swift short-circuit protection method, limiting fault currents to safe levels within microseconds. The proposed approach offers a range of advantages, including heightened system reliability, minimized downtime, reduced losses, increased safety for personnel and equipment, and cost savings in the protection system. Rigorous testing of the strategy is conducted through simulations and experiments. Multiple simulation studies evaluate the UFHFCL's performance in HVDC systems, analyzing its behavior across various fault scenarios, considering factors like fault current magnitude, duration, and system parameters. Comprehensive insights into performance indicators such as fault current reduction, response time, voltage drop, energy dissipation, and system stability are gained through simulations. Experimental results unequivocally validate the UFHFCL's effectiveness in curtailing fault currents and ensuring industrial system protection. A scaled prototype of the proposed HFCL is employed for experimental validations, assessing its capability to limit fault currents bidirectionally within an HVDC system. This study aims to bridge the theoretical predictions and real-world performance, offering valuable insights into the practical application of bi-directional HFCLs to enhance the reliability and safety of HVDC systems.


Keywords


HVDC; DC distribution networks; Ultra-Fast Hybrid Fault Current Limiter; SFCL; mechanical circuit breaker.

Full Text:

PDF

References


S. Xu, Q. Song, Y. Zhou, J. Meng, W. Yang, B. Zhao, and R. Zeng, "Dynamic model of the dc fault clearing process of a hybrid modular multilevel converter considering commutations of the fault current," IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 35, no. 7, pp. 6668-6672, 2019.

Y. A. Amor, G. Didier, J. Leveque, and F. Hamoudi, "Study on the alliance between sfcl and hybrid dc circuit breaker for protecting hvdc grid," in Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2020, vol. 1559, no. 1, p. 012102: IOP Publishing.

O. Cwikowski, M. Barnes, R. Shuttleworth, and B. Chang, "Analysis and simulation of the proactive hybrid circuit breaker," in 2015 IEEE 11th International Conference on Power Electronics and Drive Systems, 2015, pp. 4-11: IEEE.

J. Shi, Y. Tang, L. Chen, J. Wang, L. Ren, J. Li, L. Li et al., "The application of active superconducting dc fault current limiter in hybrid ac/dc power supply systems," J IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, vol. 18, no. 2, pp. 672-675, 2008.

A. J. Far and D. Jovcic, "Design, modeling and control of hybrid dc circuit breaker based on fast thyristors," IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, vol. 33, no. 2, pp. 919-927, 2017.

C. Ding, T. Nie, and Y. Chen, "A distribution network solid-state dc circuit breaker with current limiting function," Energy Reports, vol. 8, pp. 986-994, 2022.

A. Ghaemi, A. Safari, H. Afsharirad, and H. Shayeghi, "Accuracy enhance of fault classification and location in a smart distribution network based on stacked ensemble learning," Electric Power Systems Research, vol. 205, p. 107766, 2022.

J. Liu, N. Tai, C. Fan, and S. Chen, "A hybrid current-limiting circuit for dc line fault in multiterminal vsc-hvdc system," IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 64, no. 7, pp. 5595-5607, 2017.

R. Lazzari and L. Piegari, "Design and implementation of lvdc hybrid circuit breaker," %J IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 34, no. 8, pp. 7369-7380, 2018.

X. Zhang, C. Zhuo, X. Yang, and Distribution, "A natural commutation current topology of hybrid hvdc circuit breaker integrated with limiting fault current," IET Generation, Transmission, vol. 17, no. 7, pp. 1509-1524, 2023.

S.-Y. Park and H.-S. Choi, "Operation characteristics of superconducting dc circuit breaker for reliability assessment in a transient state of mmc vsc-hvdc," Journal of Electrical Engineering Technology, pp. 1-9, 2023.

A. MH, M. Shivakumar, and R. Shivakumar Aradhya, "Solid state fault current limiter (ssfcl) in power system–a case study," in International Conference on Sustainable Engineering and Technology (iConset 2018), 2018.

S. Liang, Y. Tang, L. Ren, Y. Xu, Z. Xia, Z. Wang, and S. Guo, "Tests and analysis of a small-scale hybrid-type dc sfcl prototype," IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, vol. 28, no. 4, pp. 1-6, 2018.

Saad A. Mohamed Abdelwahab; A.M. Hamada; Hossam Attia; Ibrahim shoaaib; Saady Hasan. "A Novel Non-Superconducting Fault Current Limiter for Enhancing the Reliability and Stability of Electrical Distribution Grids". Industrial Technology Journal, 2024, -. doi: 10.21608/itj.2024.266234.1010.

M. Steurer, K. Frohlich, W. Holaus, and K. J. I. t. o. p. d. Kaltenegger, "A novel hybrid current-limiting circuit breaker for medium voltage: Principle and test results," IEEE transactions on power delivery, vol. 18, no. 2, pp. 460-467, 2003.

S. Tang, M. Chen, G. Jia, and C. Zhang, "Topology of current-limiting and energy-transferring dc circuit breaker for dc distribution networks," CSEE Journal of Power Energy Systems, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 298-306, 2020.

N. Belda and R. Smeets, "Test circuits for hvdc circuit breakers," IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, vol. 32, no. 1, pp. 285-293, 2016.

M. Bonkarev, N. K. Challagondla, and D. Thummapal, "Simulation-based performance evaluation of different current breaking techniques employed in mechanical hvdc circuit breakers," in 2016 IEEE International Conference on High Voltage Engineering and Application (ICHVE), 2016, pp. 1-4: IEEE.

B. Xiang, L. Gao, Z. Liu, Y. Geng, and J. Wang, "Short-circuit fault current-limiting characteristics of a resistive-type superconducting fault current limiter in dc grids," Superconductor Science Technology, vol. 33, no. 2, p. 024005, 2020.

L. Chen, H. Chen, Z. Shu, G. Zhang, T. Xia, and L. Ren, "Comparison of inductive and resistive sfcl to robustness improvement of a vsc-hvdc system with wind plants against dc fault," IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, vol. 26, no. 7, pp. 1-8, 2016.

A. Maistrello, E. Gaio, A. Ferro, M. Perna, C. Panizza, F. Soso, L. Novello et al., "Experimental qualification of the hybrid circuit breaker developed for jt-60sa quench protection circuit," IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, vol. 24, no. 3, pp. 1-5, 2013.

F. Zhang, Y. Ren, Z. Shi, X. Yang, and W. Chen, "Novel hybrid dc circuit breaker based on series connection of thyristors and igbt half-bridge submodules," IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics vol. 36, no. 2, pp. 1506-1518, 2020.

Z. Yu, Z. Gan, L. Qu, X. Yan, X. Wang, and Y. Huang, "Natural commutation type hybrid dc circuit breaker based on hybrid mechanical gaps," IEEE transactions on power delivery, 2022.

L. Feng, R. Gou, X. Yang, F. Wang, F. Zhuo, and S. Shi, "A 320kv hybrid hvdc circuit breaker based on thyristors forced current zero technique," in 2017 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC), 2017, pp. 384-390: IEEE.

H. Nakao, Y. Nakagoshi, M. Hatano, T. Koshizuka, S. Nishiwaki, A. Kobayashi, T. Murao et al., "Dc current interruption in hvdc sf6 gas mrtb by means of self-excitation," IEEE Power Engineering Review, vol. 21, no. 8, pp. 62-62, 2001.

T. Wei, Z. Yu, Z. Chen, X. Zhang, W. Wen, Y. Huang, and R. Zeng, "Design and test of the bidirectional solid-state switch for an 160kv/9ka hybrid dc circuit breaker," in 2018 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC), 2018, pp. 141-148: IEEE.

Z. Chen, Z. Yu, X. Zhang, T. Wei, G. Lyu, L. Qu, Y. Huang et al., "Analysis and experiments for igbt, iegt, and igct in hybrid dc circuit breaker," IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 65, no. 4, pp. 2883-2892, 2017.

A. M. Hamada, A. R. Ahmed, and S. Hassan, "A comprehensive review on superconducting and non-superconducting fcls for power network," International Journal of Advances in Engineering and Management (IJAEM), vol. 4, no. 2022, pp. 1003-1017, 2022.

S. Hasan, E.-S. El-Refaie, A. H. K. Alaboudy, and A. Hamada, "An ac hybrid current limiting and interrupting device for low voltage systems," Alexandria engineering journal, vol. 57, no. 3, pp. 1535-1548, 2018.

H. Bakiri, H. Maziku, N. Mvungi, N. Hamisi, Massawe Libe, " A Novel Load Forecasting Model for Automatic Fault Clearance in Secondary Distribution Electric Power Grid using an Extended-Multivariate Nonlinear Regression", International Journal of Smart Grid, Vol.5, no.2, June, 2021.

[27] R. Faisal, Badal, K. S. Sarker, S. K. Das, " Transient Stabilization Improvement of Induction Generator Based Power System using Robust Integral Linear Quadratic Gaussian Approach", International Journal of Smart Grid, Vol.3, no.2, June, 2019.

D. Varela, R. Oliveira, L. Romba and J. Murta-Pina, "A Superconducting Saturable Core Reactor for Power Flow Control in Transmission Grids," 2021 9th International Conference on Smart Grid (icSmartGrid), Setubal, Portugal, 2021, pp. 216-219.

F. Banihashemi, S. Beheshtaein and R. Cuzner, "Novel Hybrid Circuit Breaker Topology Using a Twin Contact Mechanical Switch," 2021 9th International Conference on Smart Grid (icSmartGrid), Setubal, Portugal, 2021, pp. 132-136.

K. Naraghipour, K. Ahmed and C. Booth, "New Islanding Detection Method with Voltage Amplitude Variation for Inverter-based Distributed Generator," 2021 9th International Conference on Smart Grid (icSmartGrid), Setubal, Portugal, 2021, pp. 243-248.

J. R. Prigmore, J. A. Mendoza, and G. G. Karady, "Comparison of four different types of ferromagnetic materials for fault current limiter applications," IEEE transactions on power delivery, vol. 28, no. 3, pp. 1491-1498, 2013.

A.M. Hamada, Sherif S.M. Ghoneim, Saad A. Mohamed Abdelwahab, Walid S.E. Abdellatif, "Performance analysis of three-phase hybrid fault current limiter with one commutation circuit," International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems, Vol. 133, 2021.

Saad A Mohamed Abdelwahab, AM Hamada, Saady Hasan, Ragab Salem, Walid SE Abdellatif, " Design and Experimental Investigation of Three-Phase Inductive Type Superconducting Fault Current Limiter based on Current Injection Method," International Journal of Renewable Energy Research (IJRER), Vol 13, No 3, 2023.

AM Hamada, Walid SE Abdellatif, Saad A Mohamed Abdelwahab, MMR Ahmed, " Development of an arcless hybrid DC fault current limiter suitable for DC railway power networks," International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems, Vol. 157, 2024, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijepes.2024.109822




DOI (PDF): https://doi.org/10.20508/ijrer.v14i3.14740.g8920

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Online ISSN: 1309-0127

Publisher: Gazi University

IJRER is cited in SCOPUS, EBSCO, WEB of SCIENCE (Clarivate Analytics);

IJRER has been cited in Emerging Sources Citation Index from 2016 in web of science.

WEB of SCIENCE in 2025; 

h=35,

Average citation per item=6.59

Last three Years Impact Factor=(1947+1753+1586)/(146+201+78)=5286/425=12.43

Category Quartile:Q4