Photovoltaic Power Generation in Indian Prospective Considering Off-grid and Grid-connected Systems

Abstract

Electrical energy plays a vital role in the progress of any developed and developing nation across the world. The maximum capacity of electrical energy is supplied by fossil fuel-based centralized power generating stations. The inadequacy of fossil fuels and their harmful effects on the environment leads the research towards energy generation from renewable sources. Wind, solar, biogas, small hydro, etc. are the potential resources of renewable energy. Solar has the maximum potential out of the 900 GW estimated potential of renewable energy in India. This paper highlights the progress and efforts made in the field of solar energy in India. The current status of solar energy generation under the Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission (JNNSM) is reviewed thoroughly to justify the utilization of solar potential. The government initiatives, tariff policies, and solar energy incentives are presented in terms of different support programs, funding schemes, and subsidies. As a consequence, the future targets are being achieved by establishing solar parks and rooftop solar systems with the help of net metering concept. Moreover, some success stories as an eye-opener in the field of solar are also depicted.