The Renewable Energy Potential of Food Crop Wastes in Indonesia

Untoro Budi Surono, Subeni Subeni, Bagas Risda Pratama, Panji Syahrul Sanjaya, Jimmy Alfarisaputra

Abstract


One of Indonesia's great potential biomass energy sources is food crop waste. Five food crop commodities with nine types of waste were investigated in the study. This study aimed to determine the physical, chemical, and thermal properties of food crops wastes and their potential for utilization as an energy source. Furthermore, the spatial map of the gross energy potential of food crop wastes in 34 provinces in Indonesia is depicted. The results of the research showed a moisture content of the samples in the range of 10.31 wt.% (rice husk) to 13.92 wt.% (peanut stem). The food crop waste containing low ash was corncob. The volatile content in food crop waste was more than 60%, except for rice husk and rice straw. The Cassava stem had the highest fixed carbon of 17.12%, while the peanut shell had the highest calorific value of 17260 kJ/kg. The food crops waste had sulfur and nitrogen content below 1%. The carbon content of food crop wastes ranged from 31.03 to 42.03%, while the hydrogen content was between 5.29 and 6.54%. Rice husk has the lowest hygroscopic nature while corn cob is the opposite. The amount of food crop waste in Indonesia reaches 115.73 million tons per year, with a gross energy potential (GEP) of 1596.12 PJ/year. Rice waste has the greatest GEP, followed by corn, cassava, peanut, and soybean. The GEP of food crop waste was dominant in provinces in Java.


Keywords


biomass; food crop waste; gross energy potential (GEP; Indonesia; spatial map

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DOI (PDF): https://doi.org/10.20508/ijrer.v13i2.13617.g8745

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