Effect of Rotation and Constant Head Variation on Performance Three Sizes of Pump-as-Turbine (PAT)

Asep Neris Bachtiar, Ahmad Fauzi Pohan, Riko Ervil, Nofriadiman Nofriadiman

Abstract


Centrifugal pumps have been tested as an alternative fluid engine to replace water turbines. The challenge that has not been revealed regarding the size variation of the centrifugal pump is how to adjust the PAT size variation with the discharge and head variables to produce maximum PAT performance. Considering this, more open research is needed, namely not only the discharge and head variables that need to be varied but the size of the PAT also needs to be varied. With this research is expected to get a more comprehensive conclusion. The test results on the same test installation show that the 1.0-inch PAT performance is better than 1.5-inch PAT and 1.5-inch PAT is better than 2.0-inch PAT. The maximum efficiency of 1.0 inch PAT is 38.10% occurs at 4.20 L/s discharge, 860 rpm rotation, 15.0 m head, and 2.61 N.m torque. This data explains that, to produce maximum performance, each PAT requires different discharge potential and head support. The larger the PAT size, the more it requires the support of a larger discharge and head. Further research is needed to create an ideal discharge and head standard for each PAT size and recommendations for the right type of centrifugal pump impeller to be applied to a pico-hydro scale water turbine system

Keywords


Pump, turbine, centrifugal pump, pump-as-turbine, PAT

Full Text:

PDF

References


H. I. Bulbul, M. Colak, A. Colak, and S. Bulbul, “Special session 1: Public awareness and education for renewable energy and systems,” 2017 IEEE 6th International Conference on Renewable Energy Research and Applications (ICRERA), San Diego, pp.12-12, November 2017.

R. Yeetsorn, C. Prapainainar, and Y Maiket, “Energy efficiency evaluation assessing hydrogen production, energy storage and utilization in integrated alternative energy solutions,” International Journal of Renewable Energy Research (IJRER), Vol. 9, No. 4, pp. 1957-1966, 2019.

M. Dogru and M. Çelik, “Analysis of pre-service science and classroom teachers' attitudes and opinions concerning renewable energy sources in terms of various variables”, International Journal of Renewable Energy Research (IJRER), Vol. 9, No. 4, pp. 1761-1771, 2019.

E. Bekiroglu and M. D. Yazar, “Analysis of grid connected wind power system”, 2019 IEEE International Conference on Renewable Energy Research and Applications (ICRERA), Brasov, Romania, pp. 868-873, 3 - 6 November 2019.

J. Nejadali. “Analysis and evaluation of the performance and utilization of regenerative flow pump-as-turbine (PAT) in Pico-hydropower plants”, Energy for Sustainable Development. Vol. 64, No. 4, pp. 103-117, 2021.

F. Pugliese, N. Fontana, G. Marini, ,and M. Giugni, “Experimental assessment of the impact of number of stages on vertical axis multi-stage centrifugal PATs”, Renewable Energy, vol. 178, pp. 891-903, November 2021.

A. Morabito, E. Vagnoni, M. D. Matteo, and P. Hendrick, “ Numerical investigation on the volute cutwater for pumps running in turbine mode”, Renewable Energy, vol. 175, pp. 807-824, September 2021.

S. M. Kadri, A. O. Bagré, M. B. Camara, B. Dakyo, and Y. Coulibaly, “Electrical power distribution status in West Africa : assessment and perspective overview”, 2019 IEEE International Conference on Renewable Energy Research and Applications (ICRERA), Brasov, Romania, pp. 511-515, 3-6 November 2019.

D. Stefan,, M. Rossi, M. Hudec, P. Rudolf, ,A. Nigro, and M. Renzi, “Study of the internal flow field in a pump-as-turbine (PAT): Numerical investigation, overall performance prediction model and velocity vector analysis”, Renewable Energy, vol. 156, pp. 158-172, August 2020.

A. Harrouz, I. Colak, and K. Kayisli, “Energy modeling output of wind system based on wind speed”, International Journal of Renewable Energy Research (IJRER), Vol. 9, No. 4, pp. 2073-2081, 2019.

F. Yang, Z. Li, Y. Yuan, Z. Lin, G. Zhou, and Q. Ji, “Study on vortex flow and pressure fluctuation in dustpan-shaped conduit of a low head axial-flow pump –as-turbine”, Renewable Energy, vol. 196, pp. 856-869, August 2022.

J. A. S. D. Rio, S. G. Holguin, D. H. Zuluaga, and E. C. Arrieta,” Effect of Hydrodynamically Designed Blades on the Efficiency of a Michell-Banki Turbine”, International Journal of Renewable Energy Research (IJRER), Vol. 10, No. 3, pp. 1165-1173, 2020.

A. Kandi, G. Meirelles, and B. Brentan, “Employing demand prediction in pump-as-turbine plant design regarding energy recovery enhancement”, Renewable Energy, vol.187, pp. 223-236, March 2022.

T. Lin, Z. Zhu, X. Li, J. Li, and Y. Lin, “Theoretical, experimental, and numerical methods to predict the best efficiency point of centrifugal pump-as-turbine”, Renewable Energy, vol. 168, pp. 31-44, May 2021.

K. Kan, Q. Zhang, Z. Xu, Y. Zheng, Q. Gao, and L. Shen, “Energy loss mechanism due to tip leakage flow of axial flow pump-as-turbine under various operating conditions”, Energy, vol. 255, pp. 870-878, September 2022.

A. N. Bachtiar, A. F. Pohan, I. Yusti, R. Ervil, Santosa, I. Berd, and U. G. S. Dinata, “Effect of head variations on performance four sizes of blowers-as-turbines (BAT)”, International Journal of Renewable Energy Research (IJRER), Vol. 10, No. 1, pp. 343-353, 2020.

M. Marre, P. Mandin, J.L. Lanoisellé, E. Zilliox, F. Rammal, M. Kim, and R. Inguanta, “Pumps-as-turbines regulation study through a decision-support algorithm”, Renewable Energy, vol. 194, pp. 561-570, July 2022.

M. Stefanizzi, T. Capurso, G. Balacco, M. Binetti, S. M. Camporeale, and M. Torresi, “Selection, control and techno-economic feasibility of pumps-as-turbines in water distribution networks”, Renewable Energy, vol. 162, pp. 1292-1306, December 2020.

F. Plua, V. Hidalgo, E. Cando, M. Perez-Sanchez, and P. A. Lopez-Jimenez, “Pump-as-turbines (PATs) by analysis with CFD models”, International Journal on Advanced Science, Engineering and Information Technology (IJASEIT), Vol. 12, No. 3, pp. 1098-1104, 2022.

F. Pugliese, N. Fontana, G. Marini, and M. Giugni, “Experimental assessment of the impact of number of stages on vertical axis multi-stage centrifugal PATs”, Renewable Energy, vol. 178, pp. 891-903, November 2021.

E. S. Jones, H. Gong, and D. M. Ionel, “Optimal combinations of utility level renewable generators for a net zero energy microgrid considering different utility charge rates”, 2019 IEEE International Conference on Renewable Energy Research and Applications (ICRERA), Brasov, Romania, pp. 1014-1017, 3-6 November 2019. .

G. Szaba, I. Fazekas, Z. Radics, P. Csorba, C. Patkas, E. Kovajcs, T. Tath, T. Mester, and L. Szaba, “Assessing the public knowledge structure towards renewable energy sources in Hungary”, International Journal of Renewable Energy Research (IJRER), Vol. 10, No. 3, pp. 1476-1487, 2020.

A. Morabito, E. Vagnoni, M. D. Matteo, and P. Hendrick, “Numerical investigation on the volute cutwater for pumps running in turbine mode”, Renewable Energy, vol. 175, pp. 807-812, September 2021.

F. B. Abdullah, S. I. Hyder, and R. Iqbal, “A model for strategizing energy security dimensions and indicators selection for Pakistan”, International Journal of Renewable Energy Research (IJRER), Vol. 10, No. 2, pp. 558-569, 2020.

Y. Han, L. Tan, “Dynamic mode decomposition and reconstruction of tip leakage vortex in a mixed flow pump-as-turbine at pump mode”, Renewable Energy vol. 155, pp.725-734, August 2020.

J. Delgado, J. P. Ferreira, D.I.C. Covas, F.Avellan, “Variable speed operation of centrifugal pumps running as turbines. Experimental investigation”, Renewable Energy, vol. 142, pp. 437-450, November 2019.

S. V. Jain, A. Swarnkar, K. H. Motwani, and R. N. Patel, “Effects of impeller diameter and rotational speed on performance of pump running in turbine mode”, Journal of Energy Conversion and Management, Vol. 89, No. 4, pp. 808–824, 2019.

Yang, Sun-Sheng, S. Derakhshan, and Kong, Fan-Yu. “Theoretical, numerical and experimental prediction of pump-as-turbine performance”, Renewable Energy Journal, Vol. 48, No. 3, pp. 507–513, 2019.

M. Venturini, L. Manservigi, S. Alvisi, and S. Simani, “Development of a physics based model to predict the performance of pumps-as-turbines”, Applied Energy Journal, Vol. 231, No. 4, pp. 343–354, 2019.

S. Abazariyan, R. Rafee, and S. Derakhshan, “Experimental study of viscosity effects on a pump-as -turbine performance”, Renewable Energy Journal, Vol. 134, No. 1, pp. 1473–1490, 2020.

Y. Liu and L. Tan, “Tip clearance on pressure fluctuation intensity and vortex characteristic of a mixed flow pump-as-turbine at pump mode”, Renewable Energy, Vol. 129, No. 2, pp. 606–615, 2019.

F. Dietzel, Turbinen, Pumpen und Verdichter, 5th ed, Freidberg: Vogel Verlag, Wurzburg, 1980.

A. H. Church, Centrifugal Pump and Blowers, 2rd ed, New York: Robert E. Krieger Publishing Co. Inc., 1944.

R. S. Khurmi, Machine Design, 5rd ed., New Delhi: Eurasia Publishing House (Pvt) Ltd, 1984.

F. M. White, Fluid Mechanic, 7rd ed., New York: Mc Graw-Hill, 2008.

Kikai Kenkyu Ltd., Educational Machines and Equipment, Instruction Manual with Experimental Text Book, Tokyo, 1990, pp. 1-12.

U. Meier and SKAT, Local Experience with Micro-Hydro Technology, Vol. 11, No. 1, Swiss : St. Gall University, 1981.

A. N. Bachtiar, A. F. Pohan, R. Ervil, Nofriadiman, Santosa, I. Berd, and U. G. S. Dinata, “Effect of geometric differences impeller blades on performance blower-as-turbine (BAT) on pico-hydro scale”, International Journal of Renewable Energy Research (IJRER), Vol. 11, No. 3, pp. 1124-1135, 2021.

A. N. Bachtiar, A. F. Pohan, R. Ervil, Santosa, I. Berd, and U. G. S. Dinata, “Performance of water wheel knock down system (W2KDS) for rice milling drive”, International Journal on Advanced Science, Engineering and Information Technology (IJASEIT), Vol. 11, No. 3, pp. 907-916, 2021.

A. N. Bachtiar, A. F. Pohan, Santosa, I. Berd, and U. G. S. Dinata, “Performance on compressor-as-turbine (CAT) pico-hydro scale”, International Journal of Renewable Energy Research (IJRER), Vol. 9, No. 4, pp.2073-2081,2021




DOI (PDF): https://doi.org/10.20508/ijrer.v13i1.13537.g8673

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Online ISSN: 1309-0127

Publisher: Gazi University

IJRER is cited in SCOPUS, EBSCO, WEB of SCIENCE (Clarivate Analytics);

IJRER has been cited in Emerging Sources Citation Index from 2016 in web of science.

WEB of SCIENCE in 2025; 

h=35,

Average citation per item=6.59

Last three Years Impact Factor=(1947+1753+1586)/(146+201+78)=5286/425=12.43

Category Quartile:Q4